Basics of Stepper Motor

A stepper motor is a brush less, synchronous electric motor that can divide a full rotation into a large number of steps, for example, 200 steps. Thus the motor can be turned to a precise angle. There are three major types of stepper motors available in practice.

1. Variable Reluctance Stepper Motors
2. Permanent Magnet Stepper Motors

3. Hybrid Stepper Motors

The stepper motor required a special driving circuit. This is basically done by using an array of power transistors, or switches.

The theory behind stepper motor operation is the magnetic attraction. The stepper rotor will be non coiled rotor. The stator consists with a set of coils and those coils are connected as a set manner. When one set of coils energized the rotor pole will be subject to attract to particular pole and because of that the rotor axis will subject to rotate.